The Art Gallery, built in 1908 by the union of the two tunnels formed with the legacies of Count Paolo Tosio (1844) and Count Francesco Leopardo Martinengo (1883) and enriched over time with other related, with works from churches suppressed or destroyed buildings up to the recent acquisitions. The collection of paintings, dating from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century, boasts true masterpieces, such as to the collection of Brescia at the top not only in Italy as part of the ancient painting, beginning with paintings of incomparable beauty of Raphael and Lorenzo Lotto. Important and conspicuous is the representation of works by Vincenzo Foppa, founder of Lombard painting of the fifteenth century, and the masters of the Renaissance in Brescia: Savoldo, Romanino, Moretto. Portraiture of the sixteenth century offers paintings by Tintoretto and Sofonisba Anguissola. For the seventeenth and eighteenth century there are some great figures of different cultural areas (Palma the Younger, Andrea Celesti); within Brescia, deserve attention so-called "painters of reality" as Cifrondi Antonio and Giacomo Ceruti said "Pitocchetto", which absolutely extraordinary number and quality is the series of works visible in museo. Non less exceptional is the section of graphic: this collection, which began in the eighteenth century by Cardinal Angelo Maria Querini, was expanded during the nineteenth and twentieth century. Equally rich and valuable the sequence of engravings of the Italian sixteenth century, with Parmigianino, Annibale and Ludovico Carracci. The Dutch school includes many works by Lucas van Leyden and famous masterpieces by Rembrandt. Are also present Guido Reni and Giovanni Battista Castiglione said "Grechetto". The eighteenth century is well represented by the etchings of Venetian masters (Canaletto, the two Tiepolo, Piranesi). Among the specimens nineteenth century, stand out a complete edition, still bound, the Whims of Goya and the well-known satirical lithographs of Daumier. Among the modern prints of considerable value emerges the great still life by Giorgio Morandi, 1928, considered a masterpiece of the twentieth century Italian engraving.

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Since 2009, the Art Gallery is closed for major maintenance and restoration of technical environments.

A significant number of works, including the major masterpieces of the collection (Raphael, Foppa, Savoldo, Romanino, Moretto, Moroni, Ceruti) is however open at the Museum of Santa Giulia, in the exposition "The Guest Excellent". The blades of religious subject of larger size are temporarily on display at the Diocesan Museum.

The reopening of the Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo is scheduled for 2014, renovated structure and with a new layout.