Founded in 1908 by Fabio Frassetto in connection with the new university and moved to its present site in 1933, mainly documenting the evolution of the human species from the Primates, on a journey back in time from the onset of the Australopithecines up to modern forms of Homo Sapiens Sapiens. It is divided into three sections: Prehistory and Paleoanthropology, Tools and methods Anthropometry, Human Populations current and adattamento.Il exhibition opens with a series of human heads and plaster casts of facial, often polychrome, of different races. Among these is the collection formed between 1927 and '32, anthropologist Florentine Lido Cipriani on behalf of the Royal Geographical Society as educational support to the teaching of Biology of the Races. Of particular interest is the set of casts performed to document the cranial deformations in use in some ethnic populations aesthetic purposes, ritual or social. The section is accompanied by microdiorami aspects of the adaptation of the human species to environmental influences. Overall, the instruments used by the Institute of Anthropology in the twentieth century for studies in the field dell'osteometria, physiology, human morphology, include a variety of tools to measure your eyesight, skin sensitivity, the size of the skeleton, the 'anthropometer of Frassetto, tablets and chromatic scales for the assessment of eye color, skin, hair. The heart of the exhibition is made up of a route that goes through the stages in hominid, placing them in connection with the physical development of man, the paleoenvironmental characteristics, the evidence of material culture. The review concludes with a series of bone finds of the period between the Neolithic and Roman times. Of local interest related documentation sites Gaibola Cave, Cave and under rock Farneto and some Villanovan burials or phase found in the metropolitan area of Bologna Bologna.