Treviglio

Treviglio (Italian: [treˈviʎʎio] ( ), Eastern Lombard: Treì) is a town and comune in the province of Bergamo, in Lombardy, northern Italy. It lies 20 kilometres (12 miles) south of the capital city, in the lower territory called "Gera d'Adda" marked by the Adda and the Serio rivers. With approximately 29,000 inhabitants, the comune is now the second most populous town in the province. It is also called "the tractor town" for the presence of the SAME Deutz-Fahr headquarters. History Treviglio was founded in the High Middle Ages unifying three pre-existing settlements: Cusarola, Pisignano and Portoli. These were of Celtic, Roman and Lombard origin, respectively. Around the year 1000 Treviglio housed the inhabitants of Oriano, a commune near Brescia, which had been destroyed in the course of the struggle between Arduin of Ivrea and Henry II for the Imperial crown. From 1225 Treviglio was a free commune whose statutes, dating from 1392, are currently housed in the city's museum. The government was held by 60 consuls, twenty for each of the original ethnic groups, who remained in charge for six months. These statutes also required that no noble could be allowed to live within the city walls. In 1395 Treviglio gained autonomy from the Empire, which it held until 1789 as a "Separate Land of the Duchy of Milan" excepting several brief Venetian occupations (in 1431-1433, 1448–1453, and 1499–1509). In the course of the last invasion in 1509, the city was burnt down by the departing Venetian troops. The French king Louis XII witnessed the event and vindicated it in the subsequent Battle of Agnadello. Treviglio joined the Kingdom of Italy in 1860. Benito Mussolini married Rachele Guidi in Treviglio, in a civil union, on December 17, 1915, after the future duce had recovered in the local hospital. They already had a daughter, Edda. Treviglio received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on January 8, 1960, after a promise of King Victor Emanuel II in 1860. Main sights Palazzo Municipale (Town Hall), finished in 1300. It was restored in 1582 and received another floor in 1873. It has an elegant portico. Basilica of San Martino, built in 1008 over the pre-Romanesque church of the Assunta. In 1482 it was remade in Lombard-Gothic style. The current façade, in the Baroque style, is from 1740. The interior has works by Gian Paolo Cavagna, Camillo Procaccini and other, but its most notable feature is the polyptych of Madonna with Saints by Bernardo Zenale and Bernardino Butinone (1485), considered one of the masterworks of 15th century Lombard art. The bell tower (a former civic tower) dates to the early 11th century. Sanctuary of Madonna delle Lacrime (1619). Church of San Carlo (17th century). Relief of the Gatta ("Kitty") in the Piazza Manara Economy Agriculture and trade were prominent in the economy of Treviglio well into the 20th century, with a flourishing craft sector producing furniture and silk. Industry is now developed in the mechanics, electrics and chemical sectors. In particular, there are a cycle factory, some heavy chemical plants and a large tractor factory, owned by SDF. Transport Treviglio has two railway stations. Treviglio railway station (also known as Treviglio Centrale) is on the Milan–Venice railway, and Treviglio Ovest railway station (Treviglio West) is on the Treviglio–Bergamo railway. An old building to the south of Treviglio Ovest was the station building of an earlier station, in service between the late 1850s and 1878. The town can be reached by car with State Roads N. 11 (Milano-Brescia) and N. 42 (from Bergamo, to Lodi and Crema). People Giacinto Facchetti, former Internazionale and Italian Footballer Trento Longaretti, artist Battista Mombrini, artist Andrea Verga, neurologist Twin towns Lauingen, Germany Romsey, United Kingdom References Emanuele Lodi, Breve storia delle cose memorabili di Trevì, Milan 1647; I. Cantù, Bergamo e il suo territorio, Bergamo 1856; C. Cantù, Grande illustrazione del Lombardo-Veneto, Milan 1859; Carlo Casati, Treviglio di Ghiara d'Adda e suo territorio, Memorie storiche-statistiche, coi tipi della Perseveranza, Milan 1872; Marco Carminati, Il circondario di Treviglio e i suoi comuni, Treviglio 1892; Tullio e Ildebrando Santagiuliana, Storia di Treviglio, poligrafiche bolis of Bergamo, June 1965; M. Mochi Tullio Santagiuliana, Geradadda, Treviglio 1973; L. Cassani, E. Mandelli Tullio Santagiuliana, Il braccio di Treviglio, Calvenzano 1981; Marco Carminati, Il circondario di Treviglio e i suoi comuni. Cenni storici., Messaggi Tipography, Treviglio 1982; Paolo Furia, Il mio Santuario, Calvenzano 1982; Gianni Chiari, Le roggie Trevigliesi, edizioni CRAT, 1982; Tullio Santagiuliana, Briciole di storia di Geradadda antica, Calvenzano 1982; Piero Perego, Ildebrando Santagiuliana, Storia di Treviglio, edizioni Pro Loco - Treviglio, November 1987; edizione rinnovata dell'omonimo libro del 1965 e suddivisa in due volumi; Barbara e Giuseppe Oggionni, Le mura di Treviglio, Calvenzano 1991; Enrico de Pascale, Mariolina Olivari, Dizionario degli artisti di Caravaggio e Treviglio, Fiber Edizioni Bolis, Treviglio-Bergamo 1994; Le Terre del Lago Gerundo, edizioni Cassa Rurale, Treviglio, December 1996; Treviglio: alla riscoperta di un territorio, edizioni Cassa Rurale, Treviglio, February 1997; Istituto Professionale di Stato Zenale Buttinone, Conoscere la Gera d'Adda, edizioni Gera d'Adda, Ranica, 1999; Barbara Oggionni, Le rogge Moschetta e Vignola, Treviglio 2000; Barbara Oggionni, Treviglio, storia, arte, cultura, edizioni Pro Loco, Treviglio 2002; Barbara Oggionni, I borghi fortificati in Gera d'Adda: il triangolo di Treviglio - Caravaggio - Brignano in Territorio e fortificazioni. Confini e difese della Gera d'Adda, Bergamo 2003; La Gera d'Adda in Castra Bergomensia, province of Bergamo, 2004; Angelo Merletti, Marco Carminati e Barbara Oggionni Treviglio è terra e gente edizioni Grafica e arte, 2006. External links (Italian) Treviglio official website (Italian) Treviglio on the site of arcidiocesi of Milano (Italian) Proloco website (Italian) Informations about Treviglio (Italian) Geologic paper of Treviglio