The birth of the Museum in the city of Salerno has a strong historical and cultural value, that relates perfectly to the local tradition based on the distinguished presence of the School of Medicine. Mario and Fernando Papi, respectively father and brother of Robert, to whom the museum is dedicated, have made available to the city of Salerno, a collection of medical and surgical equipment and historical instruments, some of which are very rare and relate to all branches of medicine. Roberto Papi, of Roman origin, has spent his life collecting rare items and originality in the recreation of this museum, in the research and attention to detail with which were placed the precious objects dating from the seventeenth to the twentieth century. To intrigue visitors and also to revive the atmosphere of past centuries, in many rooms, have been recreated environments of scenes of medical life. This collection is distributed on two floors, in the great halls of the historic Palazzo Galdieri, in Via Trotula, a road with a significant name which marks even more the importance and the merits of the School of Medicine. The tools cataloged and distributed in different rooms, according to medical subjects surgical, specifically represented anatomy, anesthesiology, general surgery, military, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, dentistry, obstetrics and gynecology, otolaryngology, pulmonology, rehabilitation, traumatology and urology. The path assigned to the visit, through the 14 rooms open to the public, is designed to issues an educational approach.